Spatial Autocorrelation

Spatial autocorrelation is defined as the relation among values of a single variable that is attributable to the geographic arrangement of areal units on a map. Spatial autocorrelation is an assessment of a variable in reference to the spatial location of the variable. It measures the level of spatial interdependence of the variable, and the nature and strength of the interdependencies. When a like value is adjacent to another, these values are described as depicting a positive spatial autocorrelation. When dissimilar values are adjacent to each other, they are described as depicting a negative spatial autocorrelation. (Griffith, 1987).

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